inventing the technology of printing with movable type
How did the printing press work?
ink was rolled over the raised surface of movable hand-set block letters held within a wooden form
What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books?
this love of reading
Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type?
woodcuts were not durable because they split in the press after repeated use
What is moveable type?
the system of printing that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document
What is a matrix?
hard metal punch hammered into a softer copper bar
What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press?
oil based ink
What is paper made from? Where did paper originate?
wood pulp, china
What is a "substrate"?
bring s a print color
Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened?
john just, Gutenberg could not repay the loan with interest so just would get the press, tools, and materials
What was the first book he printed?
bible
How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication?
perfected script, made it easier to read, books were made more rapidly, current information could be shared locally and around the world, cost of books decreased, demand grew and the population became more literate, people wanted books written in their own language, greater variety of books, book trade began to flourish, economies became stronger, art an science began to flourish
Who introduced the printing press to England?
William Caxton
What was the early form of newspapers?
trade newsletters
When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?
1704, The Boston Letter
What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s?
cast iron press
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. What is meant by "impression"?
Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
relief printing, ink is applied to a raised surface and then stamped on the paper
What is intaglio printing and how is ink transferred?
image are is etched into the plate surface to hold the ink, ink is applied then rubbed with a cloth to remove the excess, damp paper is placed on top, and a press applies pressure to transfer the ink to the paper
What is porous printing and how is ink transferred?
basic stencil process, image carrier is attached to a screen and ink is forced through open mesh areas
What is lithography and how is ink transferred?
printing from a flat surface, artwork is made on the plate with greasy ink or crayon, water is applied, when the ink is spread on top, the greasy parts accept the ink, and the wet parts do not
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today?
offset lithography
How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press?
the Gutenberg type was put together by hand and we use computers
Describe four-color process printing using CMYK?
four colors are used on a paper and they can create a illusion to make it seem like their are more colors being used
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